Therapeutic effect of acupuncture on myofascial trigger points combined with low frequency bioelectrical stimulation and manipulative stretch reduction on sacroiliac joint on perinatal period separation of symphysis pubis / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To observe the impact of acupuncture on myofascial trigger points(MTrPs),low-frequency electrical stimulation and manipulative stretch reduction on sacroiliac joint on perinatal period separation of symphysis pubis.METHODS: Totally 100 cases of perinatal separation of pubic symphysis in Huai'an Women and Children Health Hospital from January 2013 to July 2016 were selected.They were randomly divided into comprehensive treatment group,electrical stimulation group,manipulative reduction group,pelvic belt group and control group,20 cases in each group.The comprehensive treatment group was given acupuncture on myofascial trigger points,low-frequency electrical stimulation and manipulative stretch reduction on sacroiliac joint,the other three treatment groups were treated with their respective monotherapy,and the control group only received the brake observation.The NRS pain score and clinical efficacy were compared among the groups.RESULTS: Six days after treatment,18 cases,7 cases,4 cases,0 case and 0 case were cured in the five groups,respectively.Six weeks after treatment,20 cases,13 cases,11 cases,4 cases and 0 case were cured in the five groups,respectively.Six months after treatment,20 cases,18 cases,15 cases,13 cases and 9 cases were cured in the five groups,respectively.The treatment effect of the comprehensive group was the best,followed by the electric stimulation group,and then manipulation reduction group.CONCLUSION: acupuncture on myofascial trigger points and electrical stimulation combined with manipulative stretch reduction can not only quickly relieve the pain of patients in a short time,but also quickly make the pubic symphysis form return to normal.It has a high treatment efficiency and is less painful.So it has a high clinical value.

Characterization of Physicochemical Properties of HPMC from Different Manufacturers and Their Effect on Sustained Release / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the physicochemical properties of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC)produced by different manufacturers, and to establish a link between the physicochemical properties of HPMC and its sustained release effect, which can provides a theoretical basis for further rational application. METHODS: The physicochemical properties of HPMC collected from different manufacturers, such as particle size distribution, bulk density, physical form, crystallinity and degree of substitution were characterized by laser particle size analyzer, bulk density measuring device, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer and gas chromatography, respectively. Then, the HPMC from different manufacturers were pressed into sustained release tablets, and the sustained release effect was compared by the dissolution curve. RESULTS: The physicochemical properties of HPMC produced by different factories are different, which are manifested in different particle sizes,different bulk densities, different physical shapes, whether there are differences in crystallization peaks and the content of hydroxypropoxy groups, and the different physicochemical properties directly lead to the difference of sustained release effects. CONCLUSION: The study of physicochemical properties of HPMC can better control its quality and use it more widely.

Detection of guanylate cyclase C mRNA and cytokeratin 20 mRNA in peripheral blood and analysis of prognosis in early to moderate colorectal cancer patients / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the associations of guanylate cyclase C (GC-C) mRNA and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) mRNA with metastasis and prognosis in early to moderate colorectal cancer patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>GC-C mRNA and CK 20 mRNA in peripheral blood of 74 colorectal cancer patients without distant metastasis were detected by fluorescent quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR). Based on their clinicopathological and postoperative follow-up data, the relationship and clinical significance of these data with metastasis hazards and prognosis factors were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate of GC-C mRNA in 74 colorectal cancer patients was 33.8% (25/74), and CK20 mRNA was 31.1% (23/74). The 1-, 2-, 3- year disease-free survival rates of patients were 94.6%, 82.4% and 78.4% respectively. There were significant differences in positive rates of GC-C mRNA and CK20 mRNA, tumor differentiation, mesentery lymph node metastasis, tumor embolus in vessel and postoperative chemotherapy associated with 3-year disease free survival rate by Kaplan-Meier analysis (all P<0.05). While mesentery lymph node metastasis and tumor embolus in vessel were independent risk factors of 3-year disease-free survival (P<0.05). CK20 mRNA and tumor embolus in vessel were independent risk factors of 3-year disease-free survival by analysis stratified with clinical stage (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Detection of CK20 mRNA and GC-C mRNA in peripheral blood may be important for early detection of early metastasis of colorectal cancer.</p>

Current study on the prodrugs of tenofovir / 国际药学研究杂志

Tenofovir, the 9-[2-(R)-(phosphonomethoxy) propyl] adenine (PMPA), is an acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that has potent antiviral activity against both HIV and HBV. Despite its demonstrated antiviral potency, PMPA has limited oral bioavailability, poor cell penetration and moderate-to-severe renal toxicity, presumably resulting from the presence of two negative charges on the phosphonyl group. In order to improve the oral bioavailability and reduce the cytotoxicity, prodrug design is used to mask the high charge of the parent drug. In this paper, we review the advances on the prodrug of tenofovir from three aspects; esterification, ester amidation and dimerization. © 2006 Editorial office of Foreign Medical Sciences.

Anti-tumor effect of adenovirus-mediated Bcl-XL shRNA in vitro / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the anti-tumor effect of adenovirus-mediated Bcl-XL shRNA on colon cancer cells in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A recombinant Bcl-xl adenovirus was constructed, amplified, and purified. The effect on mRNA expression of Bcl-XL was assessed by RT-PCR, and the effect on apoptosis-induction of colon cancer(Lovo cell line) in vitro was assessed by MTT assay and cell clonogenic assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>RT-PCR showed that Ad/Bcl-XL shRNA significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of Bcl-XL in Lovo cells. Ad/Bcl-XL shRNA suppressed the proliferation of Lovo cells in a dose-dependent as well as a time-dependent manner compared with Ad/GFP (P<0.05). Treatment with Ad/Bcl-XL shRNA dramatically suppressed the colony formation of Lovo cells in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Ad/Bcl-XL shRNA showed no effect on normal human fibroblast.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ad/Bcl-XL shRNA exhibits cytotoxic effect on Lovo cells and may have the potential value in the treatment of colon cancer.</p>

Detection and clinical significance of apoptosis related protein in local advanced rectal cancer patients with preoperative neoadjuvant therapy / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the mechanism of rectal cancer apoptosis induced by preoperative chemoradiotherapy and evaluate its effect by detection of apoptosis related proteins in locally advanced colorectal cancer patients who had received preoperative chemoradiation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>To detect Bcl-XL and Bax expression in rectal cancer before and after chemoradiotherapy by EnVision method, combined with patients clinical and pathological index, statistically analysis and evaluation their relationship and clinical significance.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Patients with or without tumor shrinkage after preoperative chemoradiotherapy was 13 cases and 21 cases. While the positive rate of Bcl-XL in rectal cancer before and after chemoradiotherapy were 58.8% (20/34) and 52.9% (18/34), respectively. There were significant difference between Bcl-XL change before and after chemoradiation with tumor size, tumor cells shrinkage and operation pattern. The positive rate of Bax in rectal cancer before and after chemoradiotherapy were 32.4% (11/34) and 44.1% (15/34), respectively. There were no significant difference between Bax change before and after chemoradiotherapy with tumor cells shrinkage. There were statistically significant difference between Bax ratio (χ(2) = 9.607, P = 0.048) before and after chemoradiation while there were no significant difference between Bcl-XL/Bax ratio before and after chemoradiation with tumor shrinkage. According to layered analysis with preoperative therapy, there were statistically significant difference (χ(2) = 13.964, P = 0.007) between Bcl-XL change with operation pattern while the same of significant difference between Bax change with tumor infiltration and tumor shrinkage (χ(2) = 10.806 and 10.455, both P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Preoperative chemoradiation can influence rectal cancer cell's apoptosis and treatment effect by changing Bcl-XL and Bax expression. Bcl-XL downregulation and Bax upregulation have shown important function in colorectal cancer cell apoptosis which induced by preoperative chemoradiation, it can also improve the effection of chemoradiation in rectal cancer.</p>

Establishment of rat integrated discrete multiple organ cell culture (IdMOC) model / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the integrated discrete multiple organ cell culture (IdMOC) system.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat primary cell of hepatocyte, nephrocyte, cardiomyocytes, alveolar macrophage, dermal fibroblasts were isolated by collagenase digestion, separation of bronchial lavage, two-step digestion method and cultured respectively, with monolayer culture. To establish the integrated discrete multiple organ cell culture (IdMOC) system, glass slides of five different cells were used to the same dish with 10% FBS DMEM medium cultured 7d, using MTT comparison primary cells cultured alone and cocultured when growth.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Established rat hepatocytes, renal cell, cardiomyocyte, alveolar macrophages, dermal fibroblasts separation method was stable, cell separation survival rate was about 90.0%. Hepatocytes separation survival rate 90.3% ,renal cell separation survival rate 91.9%, cardiomyocyte separation survival rate 93.0% and beating rate indifference curve among 3d-15d, alveolar macrophages cell separation survival rate 90.8%, dermal fibroblasts cell separation survival rate 92.7%. Five primary cells multiple organ cells coculture showed cocultured cell growth proliferation well, cultured alone and cocultured cells growth curve basic coincide.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Established rat multiple organ cell co-culture is successful.</p>

Differential expression of guanylin in colorectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of guanylin in colorectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of guanylin was examined by RT-PCR and semiquantitative analysis in 20 cases of colorectal cancer, and its relationship with clinical characteristics was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression of guanylin in normal tissue (80%, 16/20) was significantly higher than that in tumor tissue (35%, 7/20) (P<0.01). The same result was found in the semiquantitative analysis of 14 cases with differential expression. Differential expression of guanylin in colorectal cancer was associate with TNM stage (P<0.05), not with sex, Borrmann type and degree of differentiation (all P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is differential expression of guanylin in colorectal cancer, and this kind of differential expression is associated with tumor TNM stage.</p>

Holmium laser urethrotomy for male urethral stricture / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate transurethral holmium laser incision, its safety and effect in the treatment of male urethral stricture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-eight males with urethral stricture were treated by 1045 W holmium laser urethrotomy, 18 with the stricture length shorter than 1.0 cm, 9 between 1.0 cm and 1.5 cm, 7 longer than 1.5 cm , 4 with occlusive stricture and 6 companies with bladder calculus. The average peak urinary flow rate (Q(max)) was (5.6 +/- 2.3) ml/s.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Successful surgery was achieved in 36 of the cases, with no complications and the average Q(max) increased to (17.5 +/- 3.4) ml/s. Two cases were converted to open surgery. Thirty-two cases were followed up for 3-18 months, of whom 4 received urethral dilation and 2 underwent a second holmium laser urethrotomy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Holmium laser urethrotomy is a safe, effective and minimally invasive therapeutic modality for male urethral stricture.</p>

Small interfering RNA inhibits the expression of connexin43 in the human corpus cavernosum penis smooth muscle cells / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To inhibit the expression of connexin43 (Cx43) in the human corpus cavernosum penis smooth muscle cells by small interfering RNA (siRNA) and detect the gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), and to investigate the application of siRNA technology in the gap junction of corpus cavernosum penis smooth muscle cells and its role in the penile erection process.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>With the help of the software of Ambion Corporation, the specific recombinant plasmids with siRNA targeting human Cx43 gene were constructed. The recombinant plasmids having been stably transferred into human corpus cavernosum penis smooth muscle cells for 48 hours, semi-quantitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting techniques were used to examine the inhibitory effects of siRNA on the expressions of the Cx43 gene and protein, in comparison with the siRNA negative control and the blank control group, respectively. The GJIC was detected by scrape-loading and fluorescence dye transfer experiments through the fluorescence microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results of enzyme digestion analysis and DNA sequencing showed that the recombinant plasmid pSilencer 1.0-U6-siRNA-Cx43 was successfully constructed. The relative levels of Cx43 mRNA and protein expression in the smooth muscle cells were (0.45 +/- 0.08)% and (0.56 +/- 0.06)% after successful transfer of the recombinant plasmid. However, the expression levels of mRNA and protein were (0.72 +/- 0.04)% and (0.80 +/- 0.08)% in the negative siRNA transfer group, and (0.74 +/- 0.09)% and (0.77 +/- 0.11)% in the blank control, respectively, with a significant difference (P < 0.05). The GJIC also decreased significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>siRNA can significantly inhibit the expression of Cx43 and block the GJIC in the human corpus cavernosum penis smooth muscle cells. siRNA technology plays an important role in penile erection and flaccidity.</p>

Effects of different immunodepressants on the sperm parameters of kidney transplant recipients / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of different immunodepressants on the sperm parameters of kidney transplant recipients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In 15 healthy fertile men and 37 kidney transplant recipients, ejaculates were aseptically obtained by masturbation. Thirty-seven patients were divided into two groups, 20 patients were treated with Prograf (FK506) combination with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and prednisone; 17 patients were treated with cyclosporine (CsA) combination with azathioprine with prednisone. The sperm viability, mobility parameters such as prorsad percentage motility, straight line velocity (VSL), curve line velocity (VCL), velocity of average path (VAP) and morph were estimated with a computer-assisted sperm analyzer (CASA) provided with a multiple-exposure photography system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant difference in sperm viability rate [(81.7 +/- 5.7)%, (79.4 +/- 6.8)% and (83.8 +/- 6.0)%], VCL [(24.1 +/- 8.6)%, (23.9 +/- 4.4)%, (24.8 +/- 4.2)% ] and VAP [(19.7 +/- 6.6)%, (18.6 +/- 2.9)%, (21.0 +/- 4.0)%] among groups of FK506, CsA and control, respectively (P > 0.05). The rate of anomaly [(67.8 +/- 5.7)%], the prorsad percentage motility [(46.4 +/- 8.1)%] and VSL [(15.4 +/- 4.6)%] in the group of FK506 were respectively significantly lower and higher than those in the group of CsA [(80.1 +/- 5.6%, (33.3 +/- 6.4)%, (10.2 +/- 2.4)%] (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The application of FK506 combined with MMF could help recover the mobility and morphology of the sperm in kidney transplantation recipients.</p>

Effects of small interfering RNA magnetic nanoparticles combination with external magnetic fields on survivin gene expression of bladder cancer cells and apoptosis / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of the small interfering RNA plasmid-dextran magnetic nanoparticles (siRNA-DMN) combination with external magnetic fields on silencing survivin gene expression of bladder cancer cells and apoptosis when DMN used as gene carrier to transfer siRNA-survivin recombinant plasmid in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The siRNA-survivin recombinant plasmid specific targeted survivin was synthesized in previous experiment. DMN were prepared by chemical coprecipitation method and used as gene carrier. The siRNA-DMN were constructed by static electricity of polylysine and transferred into human bladder cancer BIU-87 cells with the help of external magnetic fields. The growth inhibiting rate (IR) of BIU-87 cells was observed by 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide's test and the apoptosis index (AI) was detected by transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling method. The relatively transcription levels of survivin mRNA and protein expression were respectively detected by semi-quantitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western Blotting techniques.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The diameter, effective diameter and saturation magnetization of DMN-siRNA were about 10 - 12 nm, 94.8 nm and 0.19 emu/g, respectively. The IR (39.60%) and AI (28.72%), the relative expression of survivin mRNA and protein of siRNA-DMN combination with external magnetic fields on BIU-87 cells were significantly higher and lower than those in the control group and single siRNA-DMN group, respectively (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The siRNA-survivin plasmid-DMN combination with external magnetic fields could effectively inhibit survivin expression and induce BIU-87 cells apoptosis which provided experimental basis for the magnetic targeting gene therapy of bladder tumor.</p>

Clinical analysis of laparoscopic complications in urologic surgery / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the causes,prevention and treatment ot laparoscopic comphca- tions in urologic surgery.Methods From May 2000 to May 2004,135 urologic laparoscopies were per- formed,including 17 transperitoneal laparoscopies and 118 retroperitoneal laparoscopies.Of the135 cases,26 had adrenal adenoma extirpation;31 had roof-removal and decompression of renal cyst;25 had radical ne- phrectomy;6 had pyeloplasty;2 had partial resection of renal capsula and encapsulation of the great omen- tum;2 had partial nephrectomy;4 had pelviureteral resection;13 had ligation of renal pedicle lymphatic ves- sel;2 had ureterolysis;7 had ureterolithotomy;12 had ligation of spermophlebectasis;5 had exploration,re- duction and fixation of undescended testis.The intra-and post-operative complications were retrospectively reviewed and clinically analyzed.Results Overall,14 cases(10.4%)had complications.Intraoperative complications occurred in 10 cases,including 6 cases of peritoneal injuries,which were clamped during oper- ation;4 of vascular injuries,which resulted in conversion to open surgery.Postoperative complications oc- curred in 4 cases,including 2 of subcutaneous emphysema,which was spontaneously absorbed at 5 and 7 d after operation;1 of incision seepage,which was drained for 40 d and then disappeared;and 1 of urine reten- tion,for which urethral catheterization was kept for 3 d and then the patient had voluntary voiding.No death occurred in this series.Conclusions Understanding the characteristics of laparoscopic complications in u- rologic surgery and systematic training of the surgeons can reduce the occurrence of complications.